Journal of Ayurveda and Holistic Medicine (JAHM)

Management of Avascular Necrosis through Ayurveda- A Case Study

Pramod suryawanshi — 2023-03-19

Avascular necrosis (AVN) it is basically an osteonecrosis caused due to an injury or any occlusion in the blood vessels nourishing the bone tissue. AVN of femur head is the most common type of necrosis because the artery supplying to that area is very narrow which easily gets injured followed by mere dislocation or a sub capital fracture which leads to lack of nourishment resulting in necrosis. In modern medicine no any specific treatment rather than surgery is available. All treatment costly and poor result. The present case was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Ayurveda system in the management of avascular necrosis. In the present case 41-year-old male is diagnosed with bilateral avascular necrosis, was treated with sastiksaali pinda sweda along with tikta ksheer basti and saman chikitsa. Patient was observed for remarkable improvements based on signs and symptoms before and after treatment. The therapy provided marked improvements in the gait, pain, tenderness and range of movements. Conservative management of AVN through Ayurvedic principles provided significant relief in sign and symptoms and good quality of life.

Management of Diabetic Foot Wound in Uncontrolled Type-II Diabetes with Triphala Kashaya Wash & Arka Ksheera Lepa- A Single Case Report

Santosh — 2023-03-19

A wound is one of the common reasons of visiting a hospital. The burden of chronic wounds is growing rapidly due to increasing healthcare costs, aging population and a sharp rise in incidence of diabetes and obesity worldwide. The scope for wound management in the modern science is a little limited compared to the extensive formulations of Ayurveda. Ayurvedic treatises mention the Vrana Ropana Property (Wound healing action) for both discusses the scientific rationality of Wound healing activity of both drugs i.e Triphala and Arka Ksheera. Triphala & Arka Ksheera and plenty of scientific data is available for the same. The Current article reports the successful management of wound in Chronic Diabetic patient with Triphala Kashaya wash followed by Arka Ksheera Lepa (milky latex of Calotorpis procera, W. T. Aiton) and also discusses the scientific rationality of Wound healing activity of both drugs i.e Triphala and Arka Ksheera

Hypocalcemia and its consequences during delivery: A case report

Dr. Nidhi Bajpai — 2023-03-19

Hypocalcaemia is defined as total serum calcium <8mg/dL (2mmol/L) or ionized calcium <4.4mg/dL (1.1mmol/L). Calcium is transferred from the maternal circulation to the foetal circulation by active transport from the placenta in the last trimester. This active transport increases from first trimester to the last trimester gradually.

Present case report is of 23years old primigravidae patient with marriage life 11 months (non-consanguineous marriage) presented in the OPD of prasuti tantra department, for the antenatal care. She received total antenatal care according to WHO recommendation and ayurvedic SOP of prenatal care from 20 weeks onwards. Due to borderline pelvis and non-progress of labour emergency LSCS was done. The baby gets suffered with right humorous bone fracture during extraction process. Later on, examination done for serum calcium and vitamin d3 reveals severe deficiency of both factors in neonate as well as in mother. So, it was planned to report present case to highlights the importance of calcium transport and vitamin d3 levels so that it can be become mandate for supplementation of additional vitamin d3 and monitoring of maternal levels during prenatal care to avoid these consequences.

Management of Lichen Planus Through Ayurveda: A Single Case Study

PARAG DEVADIYA — 2023-03-19

Lichen Planus is an Autoimmune skin disorder of unknown etiology characterized by formation of flat topped, polygonal, greyish white, purple / lilac eruption, itching on skin most commonly on flexor surfaces, arms, wrists, back and less often on some other parts of body including nails, vagina & mouth. It is an inflammatory Papulo-squamous disorder in which T-lymphocytes attack the basal epidermis, producing characteristic clinical and histological lesions. Modern medicines like topical corticosteroids creams, lotions, injections, pills etc used in this disease are not significant, unsatisfactory and not free from side effects. According to Ayurvedic classics, it resembles with Charma Kushtha. Lichen Planus can be treated with the principles of treatment mentioned for Kushtha in Ayurveda. A 27 Year old patient came to our hospital for ayurvedic treatment after trying other pathy treatments. According to predominance of Dosha-Dushya, I treated patient with Shodhana karma i.e.,Vamana Karma and Shamana chikitsa which shows good results.

Use of Ayurvedic Swasthavritta Remedies as adjuvant in Schizophrenia patient to improve the Quality of life; A case study

Dr Shalinee Kumari Mishra — 2023-03-19

Schizophrenia affects approximately 24 million people or 1 in 300 people (0.32%) worldwide. This rate is 1 in 222 people (0.45%) among adults. Conditions that include symptoms of psychosis most commonly emerge in late adolescence or early adulthood. A 27-year-old unmarried lady suffering with Schizophrenia since 10 years, visited in OPD during month of March 2022. She was from socioeconomically upper middle class. Patient had complained of delusion of reference, delusion of persecution, thought broadcasting, Auditory hallucination, Fear, loss of interest enthusiasm in work and life, laziness, less confidence, bad dreams and disturbed sleep. PSQI, HDRS, HAM-A and WHOQOL-BREFF are used for proper mental and quality of life assessment. Active utilization of Pratimarsha Nasya (~low dose medication through nasal route) with AnuTaila, Shiroabhyanga (~therapeutic oil massage to head) with Til Taila, Padabhyanga (~ therapeutic oil massage to foot) with Til Taila, Karnapurana (~filling of ear with medicated oil) with Til Taila and Power Yoga (a fast-paced style of Yogasana without meditation) daily with proper time limit were prescribed her. Regular use of prescribed protocol for 2 months, remarkable changes in the different assessment tools and patient condition was found. Using this protocol with proper time limits in schizophrenia patient may help to improve their quality of life.

A case study on Satapadi Damsa with Copra Potali Sweda and Dasanga Agada

Dr KAVYA PRABHA U — 2023-03-19

Satapadi is one among the Jangama Visha. Satapadi Damsa produces pain, swelling, redness, itching and burning sensation which makes daily activities difficult. Several external medications are mentioned in classics and in Keraleeya Visha Chikitsa Granthas for Satapadi Damsa. But only a few of them are used in our daily practice. Copra (Varattu Thenga) Potali Sweda is a Yoga found in Keeta Visha Prakarana of Kriyakoumudhi in Satapadi Damsa, which is not explored much, effortlessly prepared and comfortably administered. A 59 year old female patient came to OPD with a main complaint of pain and swelling of left palm for three hours. She noticed redness of the finger and palm and also experienced a slight burning sensation. Copra Potali Sweda was done externally for 3 times with a gap of half hours and 6 doses of 2 gram Dasanga Agada internally with a gap of 2 hours for one day. Redness and burning sensation was cured by the first Swedana itself. Pain has subsided by the second Swedana. Swelling was also cured by the completion of interventions.

Management of Sandhigata Vata (OA of knee) by Janudhara, and Panchatikta Ksheera Basti along with Laksha Guggulu: A case study

Dr. Harsha Gupta — 2023-03-19

Ayurveda has described about the pathogenesis and the treatment of various disorders. The incidence of some of which have increased In the present scenario. Sandhigata vata is a type of vata vyadhi which mainly occurs in old age due to dhatukshya. When compared to males the prevalence of this condition rises with age and is higher in females (25%) than in males (16%).It may be correlated to Osteoarthritis resemblance in sign and symptoms. In allopath, huge range of treatment such as analgesics, anti-inflammatory, muscle relaxant, calcium and vitamin-D suppliments and steroids along with physiotherapy are available but it have limited prognosis due to untoward effects after prolong use.1. Aim and objectives: to study the effect of janudhara, Panchatikta ksheera basti along with laksha guggulu in the management of sandhigata vata (OA of knee).2.to find out an effective ayurvedic management for sandhigata vata (OA of knee). Material and methods: the present case study is upon a 55 years old (female patient) diagnosed case of osteoarthritis of knee with complaints of pain and swelling in both knee joints, and difficulty in walking since last 2 years, at the Panchakarma OPD of Pt.Khushilal Sharma Govt Ayurvedic hospital Bhopal. The Patient was treated with janudhara and Panchatikta ksheera basti along with Shamana drug. Duration of study is 30 days.Results: After treatment, changes were observed in symptoms and X-ray. Conclusion: Patient got satisfactory relief in clinical features as well as in maintaining joint space were observed in x-ray after treatment.

Garbha Sanskar: Ancient wisdom of Ayurveda for healthy progeny

Bhappil Sharma — 2023-03-19

Garbha Sanskar is a traditional Indian concept that involves taking care of the mother and the foetus during pregnancy, with the belief that it can have a positive influence on the child's physical, emotional, and intellectual development. Garbha Sanskar practices include a variety of Ayurvedic practices, such as diet planning, yoga, pranayama, massage, and meditation, which are believed to promote a healthy pregnancy and a healthy baby. These practices are designed to help balance the doshas (vata, pitta, and kapha), promote good digestion and elimination, and enhance overall vitality and well-being. Garbha Sanskar is having a positive impact on the health and well-being of both the mother and child.

A Significance of Bhringaraja as a thoughtful protagonist for Ayurvedic phramaceutical process

Krima Bharatkumar Patel — 2023-03-19

Ayurveda is science of life which is useful in maintaining health and to cure disease conditions. There are many plants used since ancient period for this purpose. Bhringaraja is one of the plants for such utility. It is used in many patterns for classical applications since Vedic period. It is observed that the application is directly for some specific diseases and also indirectly as an ingredient or Sodhana Dravya in many formulations. Here, the application of Bhringaraja is discussed as only in pharmaceutical process and efforts are made to evaluate the role of Bhringaraja in formulation designing and modelling. The review is useful for understanding the application of various herbs as in classical process to make formulation with special reference to Bhringaraja. It is distinguished that Bhringaraja might have been used to remove impurities or to add some specific properties or to add synergism mechanism in the formulation.

Madhumeha: how much of an Autoimmune disease?

Dr Vijayalakshmi S — 2023-03-19

Acharya Charaka has explained Madhumeha as a clinical condition characterized by Prabhoota avila mutrata in which patient voids the urine which is similar to Madhu i.e., having Kashaya and Madhura rasa, Pandu varna and has Ruksha guna. In modern parlance, Diabetes mellitus is corelated and understood under the umbrella of Prameha. Autoimmunity refers to immune system over activity. Most commonly type1 Diabetes mellitus is said to be caused due to autoimmunity. Many research works are being done to rule out the influence of autoimmunity in type 2 diabetes mellitus. In Ayurveda also it is important to understand the presence of auto immunity in Madhumeha and differentiation in terms of samprapti has to be analysed to find out the root cause and involvement of auto-immune pathology in different types of Madhumeha.

In Prameha vyadhi auto immunity can be understood based on the nidana and involvement of dosha-dushya which decides the prognosis. Autoimmune pathology is seen commonly in sahaja Prameha and to some extent can be understood in apthyanimittaja meha which has the dominance of ama and pitta dosha causing inflammatory changes.

In this article an attempt is made to compile and analyse the data about the concept of autoimmunity in the samprapti of prameha which helps in assessing the prognosis and thereby helps in planning the treatment accordingly.

Role of fundamentals of Ayurveda in life style care in the context of non-communicable disease

Balaji Thakur — 2023-03-19

The phrase "lifestyle disorders" is used to describe all diseases which result from a bad lifestyle. Diseases can be prevented because of how we live our lives and their influence reduced through altering one's lifestyle, improving one's food, and improving the host-environment interaction. The most typical obesity, diabetes, arthritis, and hypertension are examples of lifestyle diseases. These lifestyle disorders not only hinder health, but they are also interfering with natural wellbeing or comfort. Ayurveda knowledge system that imbibes what are the dynamic of life; what is beneficial for life and what is detrimental for life; what is happy life; and what is unhappy life in physical, psychological, social and spiritual terms. In the management of lifestyle diseases, Ayurveda offers various regimens including Ahara and Vihar (dietary habits and daily routine). Dinacharya (daily regimen), Ritucharya (seasonal regimen), Panchkarma (five detoxification and bio-purification therapies), and Rasayana (rejuvenation) therapies. The Sadvritta (ideal routines) and Aachara Rasayana (code of conduct) are utmost important to maintain a healthy and happy psychological perspective.

An approach towards ADHD in children and its management in ayurveda- a review

Manish Ishwarkar — 2023-03-19

Abstract –

Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by problems in paying attention, excess activity, uncontrolled behavior which is inappropriate for age of child. Most commonly affects the children of age group 6-12 years. According to ayurvedic literature, Unmada is term for psychotic issues that encompasses many mental conditions including ADHD. So Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder can be correlate with Vataj Unmada as the symptoms appeared similar. Aim: Critical review and analysis of the effects of various conventional Ayurveda treatment modalities in the management of ADHD. Materials and Methods: Classical textbook of Ayurveda, journal publications, various internet and clinical experiences were considered as the source of information. Result: Multimodal management approach of an Ayurveda Deepan, Pachana, Panchakarma treatments, Medhya Aushadhi, Yoga and Diet can help in preventing and resolving the condition. Conclusion: Ayurveda indicates that prevention of ADHD right from Beejashuddhi and Masanumasika Paricharya till birth and postnatal life. Ayurveda offers different modes of Chikitsa (treatment) for safe approach in management of ADHD in children. ADHD needs a long-term intervention and the improvements in the patients after each course of management may amplify steadily.

Contemplating the relevance of theory of Pancha Kosha in the present era

Pratima Rayabagi — 2023-03-19

Pancha kosha is the concept in Yoga philosophy that there are five layers of awareness through which all experiences are filtered. The concept originated from Taittiriya Upanishad, a vedic era Sanskrit text embedded within Yajurveda. According to Yoga Philosophy, our physical body is divided into three bodies and five layers of self being. Each person has a Sthula sharira (Physical body) made of organs and systems, Suksma sharira (Astral body) constituting mind and intellect, Karana sharira (causal body) constitutes quality of spirit. The five layers are called the Pancha koshas or sheaths. These layers move from the outermost physical body to the deep spiritual core. In this article we intend to contemplate the practical applicability of these koshas, how to try to heighten them to experience the spiritual form of oneself, with the proper practice of Yoga and Ayurveda and ultimately assist one proceed towards moksha.

Classical blueprint generation of Madhavilata (hiptage benghalensis Linn) Based on ayurveda synonyms as an identity constraint.

Kevina M. Patel — 2023-03-19

In modern science, the drug Hiptage benghalensis L. is taken as Madhavilata. It is a Vine like plant that is often cultivated in the gardens for its attractive ad fragrant flowers. In the past, a variety of synonyms were used to describe medicinal plants, describing their physical characteristics, properties, actions, habitat, therapeutic uses, particular natural characteristics, and so on. As a result, Dravyaguna Vigyana places a significant emphasis on having knowledge of drug synonyms. According to this review study Madhavilata is also known by about 39 other names (Paryaya). The information on Madhavilata (Hiptage benghalensis L.) that has been gathered, organised and discussed in this article may aid in clearer, more precise understanding of this herb. As a supplement to subsequent studies, this review is anticipated to enhance the documentary evidence regarding classical references on Madhavilata.

A Critical Analysis of Synonyms and Properties of Karpasa (Gossypium Herbaceum Linn.) From Nighantus (Ayurvedic Drug Lexicons)

Dr Mira Khodifad — 2023-03-19

Background: Gossypium herbaceum Linn. is known as cotton plant, Gossypium is flowering plant genus of Malvaceae family. In India cotton plays dominant role in the industrial and agriculture economy of the country. Material and Method: All the available Ayurvedic Nighantus were referred for the collection of data regarding Karpasa. There is description available on synonyms, properties and actions of the drugs. The e book” of eNighantu developed by National Institute of Indian Medical Heritage (NIIMH), Hyderabad. New Delhi was also referred for this review. Observation and Result: The different synonyms of Karpasa like Karpasi, Karpasaki, Tundakeshi, Yashaswini, Samudranta etc. Properties like Madhura Rasa, Laghu Guna, Koshna Veerya, Vatanashaka Karma and actions like Raktavardhana, Mutravardhana and Stanyavardhana were described in different Nighantu. Discussion: The collection of various information of the Karpasa from 23 Nighantus and compare its variations by their synonyms, properties and actions. This type of critical analysis on drug Karpasa from various Ayurvedic Nighantu has been made for the first time. Conclusion: Present analysis reveals that the different types of synonyms, property and actions described in various time period of Nighantu may help in identification and authentication of medicinal plants and already proven indications will become base for the retrospective study of a herbal drug.

Critical Analysis on Action of Vasti: A Review

Shubham Borkar — 2023-03-19

Panchakarma is a very unique therapeutic procedure because of its preventive, promotive and rejuvenate properties as well as providing the radical cure. Shodhana is entity that is associated with the removal of Mala (morbid Doshas) from the body. Vasti is the most important Panchakarma chikitsa among all Panchakarma due to its multiple effects. Charaka has considered, Vasti chikitsa as Ardha Chikitsa of all the disease, while some authors consider it as the complete remedy for all the ailments.

Acharya Sushrutokta Gana and their Pharmacological actions- A review

Umakant N. Rabb — 2023-03-19

The grouping of the drug is seen since in Samhita as well as in Nighantu times. It helps to remember the drugs along with their pharmacological actions. There are 38 groups as per Acharya Sushruta. Each group start with the name of the first drug. Viz; Vidarigandhadi Gana, Aragwadhadi Gana, Saalasaradi Gana, Varunadi Gana, Viratarvadi Gana, Rodhradi Gana, Arkadi Gana, Surasadi Gana, Mushkakadi Gana, Pippalydi Gana, Eladi Gana, Vachadi Gana, Haridradi Gana, Shyamadi Gana, Brihatyadi Gana, Patoladi Gana, Kakolydi Gana, Ushakadi Gana, Sarivadi Gana, Anjanadi Gana, Parushakadi Gana, Priyangwadi Gana, Ambasthadi Gana, Nyagrodhadi Gana, Guduchadi Gana, Utpaladi Gana, Mustadi Gana, Triphala, Trikatu, Amalakyadi Gana, Trapwadi Gana, Lakshadi Gana, Laghu Panchamula, Brihat Panchamula, Dashamula, Valli Panchamula, Kantaka Panchamula, and Trina Panchamula. Each group contains more than 3-4 drugs. Here an attempt is made to highlight the drugs along with their pharmacological actions. Further scope of study is to evaluate the pharmacological activities with modern animal experimentation.

A Critical Review on Rakta as Chaturtha Dosha or Dhatu

Rohini Jat — 2023-03-19

Rakta-one amongst the seven dhatus. Acharya Sushruta says, it is extremely important for sustenance of life- ‘Raktam Jeeva Iti Sthithi’. The classical texts of Ayurveda have given, the concept of ‘Tristhuna’ (three pillers) of deha (body) which supports the house or body and it became abnormal it causes destruction of body. Amongst them, Dosha, Dhatu, Mala are the three basic constituents of human body (ref- sushrut sutra 15/3). Amongst those saptadhatu, Rakta is the second one. Acharya also mentioned that along with three Doshas Shonita, the 4^th Dosha present even during the origin, existence & destruction of the body. By this literary study a conclusion is drown that, Rakta is primarily a Dhatu and it has been given the noun (sadnya) ‘Dosha’ because of its importance similar to doshas in the body.

Evaluation of the effect of Shatahvaditaila Matrabasti in Janusandhigata Vata W.S.R. to Knee Joint Osteoarthritis- A Pilot Study

Dr Prakash Meti — 2023-03-19

Background: Sandhigatavata is the most common form of joint disorder in the elderly people which affects functions of the joints especially weight bearing joints like knee joint. Sandhigatavata can be compared with Osteoarthritis of con-temporary medical science. The reported prevalence of osteoarthritis in India is among 1,065,070,607 people 78,314,013 are suffering from osteoarthritis. Basti is said to the most effective treatment modality to treat any kind of Vatavyadhi, since Sandhigatavata is one among the Vatavyadhi, here an attempt was made to assess the effect Satavhadi taila matrabasti in alleviating the doshas and giving relief to cardinal symptoms like sandhi ruja and sopha.

Methods: It is a simple single group clinical trial. The study was done in 10 patients. For matrabasti 80 ml of Shatavhadi taila was used for 10 days. Patients were subjected to sthanika abhyanga and swedana prior to procedure. For assessing the results, used subjective parameters were, Ruk (Pain), Graha (Stiffness), Sparshaakshamatva (Tenderness), Shotha (Swelling), Atopa (Crepitation) and objective parameters were Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Range of movements. The assessment parameters were noted before the treatment, after the treatment(30th day) and follow up(60th day). To assess the results, paired t test statistical analysis methods was used.

Results: According to the statistical analysis Parameters Sparsha Asahyata, Sandhi graham and Sandhi Shotha were better responded as compared to other parameters.

Understanding the Nidanas of Panduroga – An Observational Study in students

Pavitra Managuli — 2023-03-19

The concept of prevention, often ignored by society, has shown to play a major role in individual as well as public health care systems. It is thereby important to understand and convey efficiently to the health seeker about specific and general causes of various pathologies. Pandu (anaemia), a disease condition that relates to Iron deficiency anemia, affects more than half of the women in India. The causes are generally presumed to be excessive work or diet deficient in enough nutrition. Other factors like the nature of food are not usually taken into consideration as such concepts are alienated from the science of food. This article assesses the role of dietary factors as explained in the samhitas in the pathogenesis of anaemia. It is observed that most of the diagnosed cases are found to be indulging in the said etiological factors to different extents.

Evaluation of the efficacy of Mushkakadi Gana Kashaya in the management of Madhumeha w.s.r. to Diabetes Mellitus

Dr.Ashwini Patange — 2023-03-19

Background: Madhumeha is disease known since ancient times to the mankind. Charaka has described the main cause of disease as the defect in genetic mechanism (beejadosha). The disease is being characterized with prabhoota avilamootrata along with madhura, kashaya and rookshamootra. The main causes being the addiction to pleasures of sedentary habits and intake of kapha aggravating factors. The Santarpanajanya Madhumeha patients are sthoola equivalent to Type II Diabetes mellitus. In Avaranajanya madhumeha, Kapha is the predominant Dosha while the important Dushyas are Meda and Kleda. Type II Diabetes mellitus is mainly associated with Avaranajanya Samprapti. In Madhumeha, the main Avaraka are Kapha, Pitta, Rasa, Mamsa and Meda, and out of these Meda is predominant. Methods and materials: A clinical study with help of Mushkakadigana kashaya [Sushruta Samhita] was carried out in the department of kayachikitsa DGMAMC, Gadag. This clinical trial was carried out on 30 patients of Madhumeha aged between 40 to 70 years with complaints of Prabhutamootrata, Avilmootrata, Karapadadaaha, Kshudhadhikyata, Pipasaadhikyata, Atisweda, Dourbalya, Shariradourgandhya who were registered in OPD and IPD of DGMAMC, Gadag. Mushkakadigana kashaya was at the dose of 20 ml twice a day before food with sukhoshnajala for 30 days. The clinical assessment was done on subjective parameters. Results: The kashaya possess statistically significant response in the management of Madhumeha. No side effects were observed during administration of kashaya during trial period. Conclusion: From this study it can be concluded that kashaya is safe to use in Madhumeha patients. This kashaya is safe and effective in Madhumeha and can be recommended in Madhumeha.

Efficacy of Erandapatra kshara in Sthulapramehi w s r to BPH - Silngle Case Study

Dr Raghavendra Shettar — 2023-03-19

ABSTRACT :-

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common benign disease that causes voiding dysfunction in elderly male patients and to various extents, impairs their quality of life. Original studies of BPH pathogenesis identified androgen and aging as risk factors, and more recent studies have identified additional risk factors, such as genetics, diet, immune status, metabolism, and inflammation. Studies of BPH patients with metabolic disorders, such as diabetes and obesity, have found a positive correlation between fasting glucose level and the progression of BPH. A positive correlation has also been shown between hyperlipidemia and the progression of BPH. Although there have been multiple studies on the progression of BPH in patients with systemic metabolic disorders, Here, planned to chose elderly patients with type 2 diabetes and studied their BPH in correlation to body mass index (BMI) and glucose levels, aiming to explore the relationships between aging, obesity, hyperglycemia, and BPH. Ayurveda mention many natural medication and procedures for, among which Kshara. is one of the potent preparation that helps to effectively breakdown the pathogenesis of Sthoulya, madhumeha and BPH due to its property and potency.

KEY WORDS - Sthulaprameha, Erandapatra, Kshara, BPH.

Identification of potent COVID-19 main protease (MPRO) inhibitors from flavonoids: in silico approach

Seema Kalra — 2023-03-19

Background

The scientific researches on COVID-19 pandemic topics are headed to an explosion of scientific literature. Despite these global efforts, the efficient treatment of patients is an in-progress challenge. Based on a meta-study of published evidences about the compounds and their botanic sources in the last six decades, we have identified two potential flavonoids with high binding capacity and possible drug candidates against Mpro.

Methods

AUTODOCK tools 1.5.6.LigPlot+ and Protein-ligand Interaction Profiler was used to visualize the binding interactions. ADMET and drug-likeness study of ligands was done using OSIRIS Property Explorer and admetSAR. MD simulation was performed to check the stability of the ligand-enzyme complexes using UNRES web server.

Results

14 Flavonoids having antiviral properties and 4 existing drugs were used as ligands to bind to the COVID-19 main protease. Out of these ligands, flavonoids procyanidin b2 and mangiferin showed high binding affinity with the Mpro having Docking affinity of -9.4 and -8.5kcal/mol respectively.

Conclusion

Our results propose that flavonoids such as Procyanidin b2 and mangiferin have a better binding affinity to Mpro of COVID-19 than hydroxyhloroquine, favipiravir and remdesivir. These compounds with good binding potency support the potential as starting points for therapeutics against COVID-19.