An integrative approach in the management of ACL injury through Ayurveda and Physiotherapy- A Case report

Abstract

The knee joint is a synovial hinge joint pivotal to human locomotion and stability. Comprising intricate articulations between the femur, tibia and patella. It facilitates complex movements, from flexion and extension to rotation. Knee ligaments are commonly injured due to indirect forces, such as twisting or bending of the knee, or rotational movements of the joint. Among these ligaments, the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is particularly important as it primarily prevents excessive forward movement of the tibia relative to the femur. Additionally, it contributes to the stability of the knee joint in both frontal and transverse planes. Injury to the ACL, whether through trauma or overuse, can compromise knee stability and function, often requiring surgical intervention and rehabilitation to restore optimal joint function. In the conventional treatment regimen, options like exercises, braces, lifestyle changes, and surgeries, including graft fixation, are utilized. Surgical procedures may result in complications such as post-operative stiffness and pain. These complications can impact mobility and overall quality of life, Ayurvedic treatment modalities like Snehana (oleation), Swedana (sudation), Basti Karma (medicated enema), Upanaha (local application) etc. have demonstrated notable improvements in both traumatic and degenerative conditions, with a particular emphasis on delaying the onset of osteoarthritis. The present study concludes that the integrative approach of Ayurveda and Physiotherapy helps to manage ACL injury.