Research ethics policy

  • Ethical Approval: All studies must be approved by an ethics committee or IRB, following legal and ethical guidelines.
  • Informed Consent: Researchers must obtain consent from participants and protect their privacy.
  • Data Integrity: Research data must be accurate, transparent, and free from fabrication or manipulation.
  • Animal Ethics: Animal research must follow humane treatment and the 3Rs (Replacement, Reduction, Refinement).
  • Conflict of Interest: Authors must disclose any conflicts of interest.
  • Publication Misconduct: Plagiarism, duplicate submissions, and errors are prohibited and corrected.
  • Editorial Oversight: Peer review and ethics statements ensure adherence to these standards.