Phyotochemical Analysis of Bridelia scandens Willd a folk lore herbal drug a Review

Abstract

Analytical study deals with the modern pharmaceutical analysis of the leaves of the drug. Here, organoleptic characters, physico-chemical parameters, UV spectrophotometric study, chromatographic study which were carried out for the standardization of both leaf powder and leaf oil samples are documented. The leaf powder sample of the plant yielded moisture, 10.1`%, ash, 6.65%, water soluble extractive 16.5% and methanol soluble extractive 22.3%. Whereas the leaf oil sample showed specific gravity 0.9650; refractive index 1.473; acid value 1.17; saponification value 241.4; ester value 240.23 and unsaponifiable matter 0.55%. UV spectrophotometric study of the leaf powder sample showed three absorptions peaks: the absorption being maximum at 218 nm followed by 272 nm and 666 nm. The spectra of the unsaponifiable matter of the leaf oil sample also showed three absorption peaks at 209 nm, 235 nm and 287 nm. Comparison of these two spectra reveals that their pattern is different. The chromatogram of both the samples obtained in day light showed 8 spots in the leaf powder sample and no spots in the other sample. On viewing under short wave UV radiation, the leaf powder sample revealed 3 spots and the other sample 2 spots. Among the spots the spot at Rf 0.66 was present in both the samples. After exposing to Iodine vapour almost all the spots viewed in day light were revealed in the first sample and 5 spots were found in the second sample. On spraying with vanillin sulphuric acid 6 spots were revealed in leaf powder sample and 5 spots in second sample. Among these 2 spots at Rf 0.46 and 0.66 were common in both the samples.