Efficacy of Yoga and Pranayama in the Management of Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) in Working Women – An open labeled single arm clinical trial
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70066/jahm.v14i1.2485Keywords:
Menstrual cycle Premenstrual Syndrome, PSST, Single arm trial, YOGAAbstract
Background: Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is a physiological problem experienced by 90% of the woman during their menstrual cycle. It affects their routine activities, work productivity, and also causes disturbance in their relationships, due to depression, anxiety, anger issues. To establish a non- pharmacological treatment, we have planned this research. Methods: Research is been planned with open label single arm study design, with consecutive sampling technique. Research was conducted in working women aged 18-30 years suffering from premenstrual syndrome, a structured yoga protocol was prepared as intervention. Consent was taken; sample size was 47 based on inclusion and exclusion criteria working women were enrolled in the study. 2-month observation followed by intervention for 3 months was insisted. Every month follow up was there, 47 subjects completed the study out of 50. Premenstrual Symptom Screening Tool (PSST) was used as assessment tool. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to analyse the data. Result: Statistical data has shown significant (P<0.05) reduction in PMS symptoms in the working women suffering from PMS. After 5th menstrual cycle from 55% to 79 % improvement was there in different symptoms. Conclusion Yoga is an effective tool in the management of both physical and psychological symptoms of Premenstrual Syndrome.
References
Maheshwari P, Menon B, Jith A, Bhaskaran R. Prevalence of premenstrual syndrome and its effect on quality of work life in working women in South India. Ind Psychiatry J. 2023 Jul-Dec;32(2):255-259. doi: 10.4103/ipj.ipj_106_22. Epub 2023 May 19. Available from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38161484/
Loukzadeh Z, Eslamy N, Dehghan M, Houshang Mehrparvar A. The impact of premenstrual disorders on work disruptions among working women: A cross-sectional study. Int J Reprod Biomed. 2024 Mar 25;22(2):149-156. Available from https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11017212/
Chawla V, Brems C, Freeman H, Ravindran A, Noordsy DL. The Future of Yoga for Mental Health Care. Int J Yoga. 2023 Jan-Apr;16(1):38-41. doi: 10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_25_23. Epub 2023 Jul 10. Available from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37583539/
Hofmeister S, Bodden S. Premenstrual Syndrome and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder: A Review. Am Fam Physician. 2016 Aug 1;94(3):236-40. Available from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27479626/
National Health Portal. Premenstrual syndrome [Internet]. India: National Health Portal; 2016 Oct 14 [cited 2021 Jul 8]. Available from: https://www.nhp.gov.in/disease/gynaecology-and-obstetrics/premenstrual-syndrome
Steiner M, Peer M, Palova E, Freeman EW, Macdougall M, Soares CN. The Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool revised for adolescents (PSST-A): prevalence of severe PMS and premenstrual dysphoric disorder in adolescents. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2011 Feb;14(1):77-81. Available from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21271266/
Shah RS, Christian DS. Association of socio-demographic, dietary and lifestyle factors with Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) among undergraduate medical students of a tertiary care institute in Ahmedabad, Gujarat. J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 Nov 30;9(11):5719-5724. Available from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33532420/
Takenoshita, C., Shimizu, K., Iida, M. et al. Development and validation of a premenstrual symptom screening tool for working women in relation to absenteeism. BMC Women's Health 25, 546 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-025-04092-5
Woodyard C. Exploring the therapeutic effects of yoga and its ability to increase quality of life. Int J Yoga. 2011 Jul;4(2):49-54. Available from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22022122/
Vaghela N, Mishra D, Sheth M, Dani VB. To compare the effects of aerobic exercise and yoga on Premenstrual syndrome. Journal of education and health promotion. 2019;8. Available from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31867375/
Bharati M. Comparing the Effects of Yoga & Oral Calcium Administration in Alleviating Symptoms of Premenstrual Syndrome in Medical Undergraduates. J Caring Sci. 2016 Sep 1;5(3):179-185. Available from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27752483/
Shobana R, Maheshkumar K, Venkateswaran ST, Geetha MB, Padmavathi R. Effect of long-term yoga training on autonomic function among the healthy adults. J Family Med Prim Care. 2022 Jul;11(7):3471-3475. Available from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36387716/
McCorry LK. Physiology of the autonomic nervous system. Am J Pharm Educ. 2007 Aug 15;71(4):78. Available from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17786266/
Shraddha Prabhu, Sanket Nagrale, Ashok Shyam, Parag Sancheti. EFFECT OF YOGASANAS ON MENSTRUAL CRAMPS IN YOUNG ADULT FEMALES WITH PRIMARY DYSMENORRHEA. Int J Physiotherapy Res 2019;7(4):3129-3134. Available from https://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijpr
Chang HC, Cheng YC, Yang CH, Tzeng YL, Chen CH. Effects of Yoga for Coping with Premenstrual Symptoms in Taiwan-A Cluster Randomized Study. Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Apr 21;11(8):1193. Available from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37108027/
Harinath K, Malhotra AS, Pal K, Prasad R, Kumar R, Kain TC, Rai L, Sawhney RC. Effects of Hatha yoga and Omkar meditation on cardiorespiratory performance, psychologic profile, and melatonin secretion. J Altern Complement Med. 2004 Apr;10(2):261-8. Available from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15165407/
Krishnakumar D, Hamblin MR, Lakshmanan S. Meditation and Yoga can Modulate Brain Mechanisms that affect Behavior and Anxiety-A Modern Scientific Perspective. Anc Sci. 2015 Apr;2(1):13-19. Available from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26929928/
Kuppusamy M, Kamaldeen D, Pitani R, Amaldas J, Shanmugam P. Effects of Bhramari Pranayama on health - A systematic review. J Tradit Complement Med. 2017 Mar 18;8(1):11-16. Available from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29321984/
Ramasamy, S., Silambanan, S., Kuppusamy, M. K., Bhaskar, E., & Mourali, C. (2025). The Impact of Yoga Practices on Inflammatory Markers: A Scoping Review. Journal of Ayurveda and Holistic Medicine (JAHM), 13(3), 28-55. https://doi.org/10.70066/jahm.v13i3.1612
Additional Files
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Dr Suma Rajaput
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors retain the copyright of their work and grant the Journal of Ayurveda and Holistic Medicine (JAHM) the right of first publication. All published articles are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) license, which permits non-commercial sharing, use, distribution, and adaptation with proper attribution and the same license terms.
JAHM ensures free, irrevocable, worldwide access to its content. Users may copy, distribute, display, and share published works for non-commercial purposes with appropriate credit to the author(s) and the journal. Limited printed copies for personal, non-commercial use are allowed under the same license.
If a submission is not accepted for publication, the author(s) will be notified.
By submitting, authors confirm that the work is original, that all listed authors have contributed and approved it, and that it does not infringe any third-party rights or duplicate work submitted elsewhere.
